The+Three+Communication+Systems

Hey guys, this page should help us with planning our slides for each of our communication systems 1208760426
 * <  ||< EMAILS ||< CELL PHONES ||< INTRANETS ||
 * < PATTY ||< security ||< globalization ||< security ||
 * < RICHARD ||< privacy/anonymity ||< security ||< globalization and localization ||
 * < MOHAMMED ||< globalization ||< people and machines ||< productivity/management ||


 * Hey guys, finish this up by tonight. I'm read them over and give you feedback. Remember, the project will be due soon, so lets pick up the pace! I've looked over your current paragraphs and there could be more detail. Take a look at mine and try and follow that format. Also, be sure to talk about GLOBALIZATION in a POSITIVE MANNER. So say how emails and intranets PROMOTE GLOBALIZATION. good job guys!

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Slide 1: Introduction to E-Mail Slide 2-4: Social/Ethical issues:
 * EMAILS** (Mohammed)
 * **"E-Mail is a very common form of communication - especially in relation to multinational corporations - due to its effective 'store and forward' method of composing, sending, recieving, and storing messages over networks. It can be specifically advantageous for the management of multinational business due to the fact that it can be adapted for use over the Internet as well as for Intranets within organizations. E-Mail is simple in use, and effective in maintaining regular communication between overseas branches and people, thus allowing it to be a large component in the globalization of multinationals. It allows them not only to send messages to each other, but files as well through attachments. However, despite the advantages of using emails, there are sill downsides to to its use, including Security and Privacy and Anonymity."**
 * Globalization
 * **"Although E-Mail is typically considered to be a quick and effective form of communication, issues have been raised relating to the globalization and cultural diversity in the use of this technology. This may specifically impact the management of multinational corporations, especially regarding corporations which are located in countries with drastically varying languages or characters. Due to the fact that E-Mail is generally a very restricted form of communication (as often in business, the use of E-Mail is limited to text, as opposed to video, sound, or even images), cultural issues such as language barriers and the use of a single corporate language can be very significantly disadvantageous in further deterring effective communication. With E-Mail comes a loss of context, potential inconsistency of information, and ambiguous barriers in information."**
 * **EDITED --> One of the issues regarding email use is globalization. Because emails are sent over the Internet and can be sent to anyone around the world, it only furthers the globalization of our entire planet. This applies to multinationals because companies haev branches spread all over the world. Many employees need to communicate with partners or clients that are in other countries, and with the use of email, this can be easily done. For example, if an employee needed to get a document from his company in China to another employee in Finland, he can easily send it via email. This doesn't only apply to other countries, as employees can send an email to employee two desks to his right. With this means of communication, the productivity of the company as a whole is increased because employees can now send meassages and files through email to finih tasks assigned to them in global collaboration projects. As a result of this easy communication, multinationals all over the world continue to encourage (or even make obligatory), the use of emails to globalize their company.**
 * Security
 * **EDITED --> "As the use of E-mail becomes more prevalent in multinational companies, the importance of E-mail security becomes an increasingly significant issue, particularly with viruses. In our world today, computer viruses are become increasingly common and increasingly deadly. Almost all viruses that attack computers are sent through emails, and if these viruses infect the computer, there would most definitely be dire consequences. Once the virus that, for example, crashes the computer's CPU, takes on its full effect, all the files on the computer will be lost and very diffiult to recover. If this happens, the employee and even the company are placed in a bad situation because files that are very important to both may have been lost. The employee could lose his job, while the company could lose clients if the file was related to them. There are many other viruses like this type of virus, and although their different ways of attacking the computer are different, they can be equally as deadly. A certain virus on a single computer may even be strong enough to spread throughout a company's entire network, thus making companies find ways to rectify the problem. In order to prevent computers from being infected by viruses, multinational companies have made it mandatory for employees to use anti-virus software. This software, if use properly, can prevent viruses from entering a computer. However, this software isn't entirely secure, as there are many viruses that can bypass even the best of anti-virus software. Another approach that multinational companies have taken is education. Many companies have begun to teach their employees different ways to use emails properly so that virus risk are minimized, such as not reading spam emails nd verifying the sender of the email. Therefore, although emails provide an easy and fast means of communication, its use may be dangerous at times due to the viruses that circulate around the world."**
 * Privacy & Anonymity
 * **"Another problem with email use is the issues reagarding privacy and anonymity, because the growing use of E-Mail has lead to some companies to monitor their employees inboxes. In order to prevent legal problems that will affect the company, many multinational companies have implemented email monitoring in their network. By doing so, the upper management can watch over the employees' email activity to prevent issues such as online gambling and insider trading, problems which could lead to heavy fines to the company. However, although these problems are eliminated, employees do not feel safe about the invasion of their private lives. For instance, an employee may need to send an email to their relatives regarding a personal issue, and with the email monitoring, the employer can easily access this information. As a result of this "fear" created by email monitoring, employees may feel unsafe and become tense and uneasy in the office, thus hidnering productivity. However, companies have found different ways ot make email monitoring more efficient. One approach they have taken is directly telling the employee that they are being monitored, whichmay make them feel more secure. Another approach that companies have used is the assurance to the employee that the information monitored in emails is strictly confidential and will not be shared with outsiders. By placing this on a company dsiclaimer, the employee may feel safer about the information that they share thruogh their email. Another problem regarding email use is the intrception of emails by other outside of the company.** **E-Mail messages usually have to go through intermediate computers before reaching their destination, making it relatively easy for others to intercept and read private messages, especially within high-scale multinational corporations. Also, depending on the region, many ISPs may store copies of E-Mail messages on their mail servers before they are delivered. The backups of these can remain on their server for up to several months, even if an individual deletes them from their mailboxes or corporate servers. If an outsider accesses this information, such as credit card numbers or persoal addresses, they could use this information against the employee. Even company information can be intercepted and used against the company. Therefore, although email use is very beneficial and its monitoring very secure, its use still causes an invasion of the employees' private lives.**

Slide 1: Introduction Slide 2-4: Social/Ethical issues:
 * INTRANETS** (Patty)
 * **"An intranet is a private computer network commonly used by many corporations, and especially by multinational corporations. One example is Chrysler's intranet, "Dashboard". It works similarly to internet, as it keeps the company connected and organized. Intranets are important to multinational corporations because they make up for the geographical limitations that multinationals face, as they straddle multiple shores. Some of the most important advantages of using an Intranet include facilitated communication via the Internet and easy file sharing via servers. As a result of this, many mulinationals use intranets so that their employees all over the world can be interconnected and thus making their company much more globalized. However, although intranets do help multinationals in their global inflence, they do pose the issues of security and policies and standards."**


 * how it affects globalization (Richard)
 * **"Imagine a corporation split onto two different continents, two sides unable to collaborate efficiently simply because they cannot meet in a conference room. In this case, an intranet would be an excellent solution to this problem, because it allows employees to communicate via the Internet and share files via the network's servers. The fact that this intranet can extend over many different countries plays even better for multinationals, because their employees are spread all over the planet. The intranet provides tools for these virtual collaborations, such as instant messaging, conferencing, easy file sharing, and shared calendars. The use of an intranet would allow these employees to communicate and share together in order to increase the productivity of the company, thus globalizing it. For example, if a file needs to be shared and edited between multiple employees, instead of emailing it to 5 different people, one person can simply put it on the network and allow others all around the globe to access it. As a result of this, intranets allo wand facilitate global collaboration, which is a crucial aspect to a multinational. However, there is a problem with the use of intranets, as it is sometimes difficult for these two sides to collaborate due to differences in the language of the surrounding region. The globalization of a company means that people around the world who do not know each other need to work in teams together. However, a limitation to this type of collaboration is the accustomed use of a single corporate language. 3 out of 5 companies say they are primarily a “single-language” organization and have a “single-language” intranet. Imagine a corporation based in Asia struggling to communicate with it's other half in North America because of a lack of translation facilities and language resources! A solution to this communication problem may be the localization of intranets, meaning that the corporation adapts its intranet and other resources to be compatible with the surrounding region. If this can be carried out, the use of the intranet between different countries may be made easier. Also, because English is the major language of business in our modern world, companies can teach their employees English so that the intranet can be based on the English language which everyone should and would be eventaully familiar with. Therefore, intranets are a vital tool of communication for multinationals and are used in almost every multination around the planet for its ability to interconnect employees all over the world."**
 * How it affects security (Patty)
 * **"One major problem involving intranets is that of security. The whole idea of an inranet is a computer system that is completely isolated from the outside world. However, carelessness in the design exposed the system to unauthorized users who were allowed to creep in and cause damage to the network. The biggest problem involving security for intranets is viruses. Viruses are one of the biggest problems because if a virus infects the intranet, it is not only one computer, but rather the entire network's computers that become infected. Therefore, if the entire network is infected with a virus that knocks out the computers CPUs, the company will face a huge problem regarding producitivity, beacuse files may be lost and employees may not be able to use their computers. There are many other types of viruses in the world, and another that would have a profuond effect on multinationals are those that expose the company's information. If the company's confidential information is leeched out by ousiders and used against the company, there may be huge problems that the management will have to deal with, such as the loss of money from the company's bank accounts. However, there are methods that could prevent these corporal catastrophies. One of these solutions is the use of a good firewall. Currently, there are many different types of firewalls made by different companies, including those made by Kaspersky and Rising Anti-virus. If a company uses a firewall to prevent outsider access to the network, the risk of the network being infected will be reduced dramatically. However, of course, firewalls are not the only solution, because there are many viruses that are capable of circumventing this secuity measure. Therefore, companies are also inclined to educate their employees regarding ways that viruses can enter the network, with the most common being through email. Many companies have begun to teach their employee the dos and don'ts on the internet so that the risk is reduced. If employees are to abide by these tips, the company's intranet will be more secure. Therefore, although intranets aid in communication between employees all over the world, the risk of viruses and outsider access may cause multinationals to think otherwise."**
 * How it affects policies and standards (Mohammed)
 * **"Another issue that intranets bring up is that of policies and standards. When set up properly, the intranet provides a flow of information to those who need it. However, if an intranet is set up improperly, it can be detrimental to a corporation's productivity, especially if the intranet is the corporation's primary resource for work and collaboration. Many problems that arise with intranet use can include the tampering of files placed on the network's server and the sharing or saving of inappropriate information. For instance, an employee may have filed a statistical report on the compnay's earnings, and if another employee changed some numbers, the company may face problems in their financial assets. Also, if an employee places information that insults another employee, the company may be sued for the improper management of the intranet. Therefore, in order to prevent such incidents, many multinationals have set strict policies regarding the use of the intranet. The employees are expected to follow these rules and if they don't, the company can choose to punish they however they see fit. In order for the employees to be aware of these rules, the cmpany would most likely post the document containing the rules on the wall so that employees can see it. If multinationals do so, they will face less problems involving the use of the intranet, because the employees would stop their illegal or inapproriate acts. However, they are alway going to be expections in the company, as some people will continue to misuse the network. However, If the majority of the employees stop abusing it, it will be much easier to single out the culpirt. Another problem involving policies other than those that prevent the misuse is the problem of maintenance. Many files are stored on an intranet, and if these files and not managed correctly, it could undermine the productiity brought on by the intranet. For example, the free-flow of information exchange in the intranet may leave the intranet littered with an overabundance of information if the intranet is not regularly cleaned and regulated. Information overload may actually lower productivity, as not all of it may be appropriate or relevant, as when users begin to create their own web pages on the intranet. Also, the company would have to create back-ups on a regular basis for these files, because if a viruses infects the network and there are no back-ups, the files will be lost forever. In order to perform these maintenanace tasks, many multinationals have opened job positions to those that can monitor and perform maintenance to networks. Although it involves more salary paid to the employees, these network managers would definitely help the company by fixing and monitoring the communication systems that is possibly the most crucial to the company. Therefore, intranets maybe helpful in that they provide a means of communication to a multinationals employees, but they most certainly require a large amount of thought put into the policies that revolve around its use."**

**Cellphones in Multinationals**
 * Richard -->** Because communication has such a large impact on the productivity of a multinational, many have begun to use cellphones as a part of their daily business lives. As of 2005, there have been over 2 billion cellphones circulating in the entire world, and that number continues to grow. The primary use of cellphones is communication, which is a crucial function in the business world. Because employees in multinationals are required to travel to meet clients, dignitaries, and other such people, a cellphone allows them to communicate on the road. They can call their coworkers, their boss, or even other clients as they do their work abroad, which is why cellphones are used by businessmen and women. To further the use of cellphones, cellphone manufactures have made smartphones, which are basically like computers. They allow the user to send emails, write documents, and prepare presentations. In addition to this, cellphones promote globalization, as it allows users to communicate with anyone around the world from anywhere around the world. However, there are downsides of using cellphones as well, for they pose important social/ethical issues, which include Security and People and Machines.
 * patty --> GLOBALIZATION** One of the issues related to cellphones is globalization. Because cellphones allow communication from anywhere around to the world to anyone, regardless of where they are, it makes the human race much more interconnected. For example, someone in China may have to immediately talk to someone in Europe, and all they would need to do is pick up their phone and press a few buttons. This is especially helpful with multinationals, as employees and clients are spread all across the planet. For example, Mcdonalds, one of the world’s largest multinationals, may have to contact managers for stores in different countries, and all that is required is a simple call from a cellphone. As a result of this facilitated communication, teamwork within multinationals is much more efficient. Teams from different branches in different countries can communicate via cellphone to report any discoveries and/or send documents related to the project via the cellphone’s email function. What’s even better is that cellphones allow faster contact with a person when compared to email, despite roadblocks such as the loss of signal and one not having their cellphone on them. Because of these advantages, cellphones are a very efficient tool in the multinational world and will hopefully be continually used in the future.
 * Richard --> SECUIRTY** However, despite the increase of globalization, cellphones do have their problems as well. One of the newest problems that arise with cell phone use is viruses, which obviously affects the security of the device. Viruses in cellphones are similar to those of computers, because they enter the system via Internet downloads. Once they enter the phone, they can cause all sort of damage. For example, the Locknut.B virus crashes the phone’s ROM and disables all of its functions, while the Commwarrior.A virus causes the phone to send expensive MMS messages. These viruses pose a serious threat to cellphone users, because if the Locknut.B virus, for example, crashes the phone’s ROM, important word documents and other files could be forever lost. Also, if the phone crashes, the user may find him or herself out of touch with his/her coworkers, because a, the contact list is lost, and b, he/she can’t call anyone. In order to rectify this problem, companies such as Kaspersky have begun to create anti-virus software that protect the phone from said viruses. Luckily, cellphone viruses are relatively new, and if anti-virus companies can act fast, there should be little problems in protecting cellphones. However, we must also consider that even though anti-virus software is being developed and used, many viruses can bypass this type of software as they become more and more developed. As a result of this, the productivity brought on by cellphone use may be impeded as cellphone viruses become a larger threat to the business world.
 * Mohammed --> PEOPLE AND MACHINES** Another problem that arises with cellphone use is that of People and Machines, for businessmen and women are starting to become heavily reliant on cellphones. If a cellphone is, for example, lost or infected with a virus, an employee may be in serious trouble if they have to call someone or send a file within an immediate time frame. As a result of this, the efficiency of a company can be undermined and result in employees getting fired. In order to prevent cellphones from getting viruses, anti-virus software is now provided to its users. Also, to prevent users from losing their cellphones, many public advertisements have be put up to warn users of theft and misplacement. If the cellphone is lost, many employees now carry two cellphones, in case they need it. Another problem with people using cellphones is safety. Because many businessmen and women drive when going to work or going to see a client, they may fell inclined to pick up their phone and make a quick call. When they do so, they lose focus on the road ahead of them and put themselves in serious danger of being in an accident. In fact, the amount of cellphone-related car accidents has increased dramatically. In order to ensure users’ security, many governments, such as that of China, have banned the use of cellphones while driving. By doing so, the amount of cellphone-related accidents have declined greatly. However, the banning may not be enough, as people may continue to use it against the law. Therefore, other solutions, such as the warning of cellphone users through advertisements and informational sessions, may need implementing to further the protection of cellphone users. However, even though these solutions can prevent danger, the use of cellphones still may be put into question.

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